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Memorial Hall, is a Beaux-Arts style building in the Centennial District of West Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Built as the art gallery for the 1876 Centennial Exposition, it subsequently housed the Pennsylvania Museum of Art (now the Philadelphia Museum of Art) and the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art (now the University of the Arts). Since October 18, 2008, the Hall has served as home to the Please Touch Museum. The building is located west of the Schuylkill River, at the corner of East Memorial Hall Drive and the Avenue of the Republic. ==Background== Memorial Hall was designed by Herman J. Schwarzmann, and is an early example of monumental Beaux-Arts architecture in the United States. Schwarzmann, the chief engineer of the Fairmount Park Commission, also designed the temporary Horticultural Hall for the Exposition.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fairmountpark.org/MemorialHall.asp )〕 Construction began on and was completed for the opening ceremonies on , at a cost of $1.5million dollars. President Ulysses S. Grant and other dignitaries presided over the event, which was the first major world's fair to be hosted in the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.pleasetouchmuseum.org/memorial_hall/history/ )〕 The exterior is finished with granite and the interior is decorated with marble and ornamental plaster. The building is by with basement and ground floor, and tall at the top of the building's most distinctive feature, an iron and glass dome. Surmounting the dome is the statue of Columbia (the poetic symbol of the United States) holding a laurel branch. At the corners of the dome stand four statues symbolizing industry, commerce, agriculture and mining. Memorial Hall was the inspiration for the Reichstag building in Berlin, Germany.〔Filler, Martin, ''Makers of Modern Architecture'', Volume 1, New York: The New York Review of Books, 2007, ISBN 978-1-59017-227-8, p. 226〕 Memorial Hall was designed to house the Centennial Exposition's art exhibits. The exposition received so many art contributions that a separate annex was built to house them all. Another building was built for the display of photography.〔''Philadelphia's 1876 Centennial Exhibition'', pages 101 - 103〕 After the Exposition, Memorial Hall reopened in 1877 as the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Art and also served as the first home of the Philadelphia Museum of Art, which remained there until 1929. The building was taken over by the Fairmount Park Commission in 1958.〔, page 105〕 It also was used for a gymnasium and a swimming pool in both wings. In 1982, the building was being used as a police station.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Memorial Hall (Philadelphia)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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